Hi there, sorry that are running into crashes so early into the game.
Unfortunately, your report does not contain much information that is needed to help you.
What is your operating system? Are you using the 32 or 64 bit client for it?
CPU? GPU?
Oh, and those windows problem signatures are useless. The errorlog.txt from the planeshift directory is a little better.
But first, try to update your client please and see if that resolves the problem. 0.5.8.0 is already outdated again. If the normal update does not work, try a repair from the launcher.